Genomic medicine in cancer is the clinical application of high-throughput sequencing and molecular profiling to characterize the genetic and genomic alterations of an individual tumor and to guide diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Rather than classifying malignancies by tissue of origin alone, it interrogates the…
Genomic medicine in cancer is the clinical application of high-throughput sequencing and molecular profiling to characterize the genetic and genomic alterations of an individual tumor and to guide diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment. Rather than classifying malignancies by tissue of origin alone, it interrogates the somatic mutations, copy-number changes, gene fusions, and expression patterns that drive oncogenesis, enabling therapy matched to a tumor's molecular characteristics. Core concepts include distinguishing driver from passenger mutations, mapping the mutational landscape of recurrently altered genes such as the tumor suppressor TP53, and identifying actionable targets for precision therapeutics. Profiling spans DNA, RNA, and protein layers and supports the development and validation of biomarkers for risk stratification, treatment selection, and monitoring of response and resistance. Multigene assays exemplify how expression signatures inform clinical decisions, as in estrogen-receptor-positive breast cancer where recurrence scores estimate prognosis and chemotherapy benefit. Genomic approaches also illuminate the contributions of inherited versus sporadic alterations, somatic signaling perturbations, and oncogenic viral associations to tumor development. Allied immunogenomic methods extend this framework to the tumor-immune interface, supporting immunomonitoring and immunotherapy selection. Together these strategies advance individualized cancer care while raising methodological priorities in assay standardization, data interpretation, and the translation of molecular findings into validated clinical practice.
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The 7 articles above have been cited 24 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.
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