Research Topic · Peer-Reviewed

Neurons

Neurons are the excitable cells that constitute the functional units of the nervous system, specialised to receive, integrate, and transmit information through electrical and chemical signalling. A typical neuron comprises dendrites that receive inputs, a soma containing the nucleus, and an axon that conducts action…

Curated from this journal's research 📚 12 peer-reviewed articles cited Cited 58× across the literature 🗓 Reviewed July 2026

Overview

Neurons are the excitable cells that constitute the functional units of the nervous system, specialised to receive, integrate, and transmit information through electrical and chemical signalling. A typical neuron comprises dendrites that receive inputs, a soma containing the nucleus, and an axon that conducts action potentials to synaptic terminals, where neurotransmitter release communicates with target cells. Neurons are classified by function into sensory (afferent), motor (efferent), and interneurons, and by morphology and neurochemical identity; their signalling underlies perception, movement, cognition, and the regulation of physiology. Core mechanisms include membrane excitability and ion-channel dynamics, synaptic transmission and plasticity, and the metabolic and vascular support supplied by glial cells, particularly the astrocyte's role in neurovascular coupling and the regulation of cerebral blood flow. Disorders of neuronal function and survival, including neurotoxicity, altered firing dynamics in psychiatric disease, and metabolic and demyelinating conditions affecting neuronal integrity, are central to neuroscience and to multiple sclerosis and related disorders. The International Journal of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders, with the publisher's neuroscience titles, carries peer-reviewed research touching these themes, including astrocyte-mediated neurovascular coupling, neurotoxicity and oxidative stress in the hippocampus, cortical neuron firing variability in schizophrenia, and developmental regulation of brain gene expression, grounding the topic in cellular and systems neuroscience.

Research published in this journal

12 peer-reviewed articles, ranked by relevance. Each links to its DOI.

2020

The Role of Biogenic Amines in Nutrition Toxicology: Review

Ozcelik FatihCorresponding author
University of Health Sciences, Sultan 2. Abdulhamid Han Training and Research Hospital, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Istanbul, Turkey
Exact topic International Journal of Nutrition Cited by 20 doi:10.14302/issn.2379-7835.ijn-20-3171
2017

Expression of Estrogen Receptor β in Hypothalamic Stem Cells

He ZhenCorresponding author
Division of Neurotoxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, Jefferson, Arkansas, USA 72079
Exact topic Evolving Stem Cell Research doi:10.14302/issn.2574-4372.jesr-17-1611
2019

Neuroscience Theories, Hypothesis and Approaches to ASD Physiopathology. A Review

OJ CastejónCorresponding author
Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas “Drs. Orlando Castejón and Haydee Viloria de Castejón” e Instituto de Neurociencias Clínicas, Fundación Castejón, San Rafael Clinical Home. Maracaibo. Venezuela.
Exact topic Neurological Research and Therapy Cited by 2 doi:10.14302/issn.2470-5020.jnrt-19-2974

How this research is being cited

The 12 articles above have been cited 58 times in the scholarly literature. Citation data via OpenAlex and Crossref, updated Jun 2026.

A sample of recent works citing this journal's research on Neurons, linking to each citing work.

Editorial oversight

Curated from peer-reviewed research published in International Journal of Multiple Sclerosis and Related Disorders.

Journal editorial board
Jorge Matias-Guiu · Spain Anne Vejux · France

This page summarises published research for orientation; it is not medical or professional advice.